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It may be difficult to make the ECG gel electrodes adhere to damaged skin. ECG electrodes could be sited away from the chest,²⁹ or could be attached to crocodile clips, surgical staples or steel sutures placed in burned areas.^20,24,31

Invasive arterial blood pressure monitoring should be available for extensive burn debridement and major plastic surgery, to allow the benefits of continuous pressure monitoring, pulse contour analysis and ease of blood sampling.^20,23,24,32

An arterial blood gas machine should be immediately available.

Equipment for central venous pressure, core and peripheral temperature and urinary output monitoring should be available.^32,33

Equipment to measure carbon monoxide levels in blood should be available.²⁰

Many burn injured patients require frequent sedation or anaesthesia for procedures outside the operating theatre. These procedures should take place in a specified location that is provided with all the equipment required for the safe delivery of anaesthesia and to meet minimum monitoring standards.^5,11,34

Equipment, such as television screens and tablet computers, for distraction during painful procedures, including dressing changes, should be considered.^35,36,37

Core and peripheral temperature monitoring equipment should be available and should be easily accessible.^20,24,31

Active warming equipment should be available and easily accessible, including warmed blankets for body areas not being operated on, forced air warming devices  for heating mattresses.^{20,24,31,33,39}

Consideration should also be given to the provision of radiant heaters and more sophisticated warming devices.²⁰